How to Choose Replacement Windows

Frame materials compared

• Vinyl: affordable, low maintenance, and energy efficient; fewer color options
• Fiberglass: strong, stable through temperature swings, and paintable; costs more
• Wood: beautiful and traditional; needs the most upkeep
• Composite: the look of wood with better durability
• Aluminum: slim and strong, but conducts heat; best in mild climates

Energy ratings to check

Look for the NFRC label on every window. The U-factor measures how well a window insulates, and lower is better. The solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) measures how much of the sun's heat comes through, and lower is better in hot climates. ENERGY STAR certification is based on your climate zone, so check the map for where you live.

Common window styles

• Double-hung: both sashes slide up and down; classic and easy to clean
• Casement: hinged and cranks open; seals tightly and catches breezes
• Sliding: opens side to side; good for wide openings
• Picture: fixed glass that doesn't open; maximum light and view
• Awning: hinged at the top; can stay open during light rain

Full-frame vs. insert replacement

An insert (pocket) replacement fits a new window into the existing frame. It's faster and cheaper, and works when the frame is solid. A full-frame replacement removes everything down to the studs, so the installer can fix rot and add insulation and flashing. It costs more, but it's the right call for damaged or very old frames.

Getting a fair quote

• Get at least three written quotes covering the same windows and installation type.
• Be wary of high-pressure "today only" discounts and in-home sales visits that last for hours.
• Ask who does the installation, and what the labor warranty covers.
• Consider replacing the worst windows first to spread the cost over time.
• Check your utility for window rebates before you sign.